生物化學(xué)與分子生物學(xué)/膜受體的分類
醫(yī)學(xué)電子書 >> 《生物化學(xué)與分子生物學(xué)》 >> 細胞通訊與細胞信號轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)的分子機理 >> 膜受體介導(dǎo)的信號轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo) >> 膜受體的分類 |
生物化學(xué)與分子生物學(xué) |
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隨著越來越多的膜表面受體被純化,其結(jié)構(gòu)及轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)信號的方式逐步得以闡明。目前,按照受體的結(jié)構(gòu)及其作用方式可將其分為三大類。這三大類受體在配體種類、受體的一般結(jié)構(gòu)和功能及細胞對之發(fā)生反應(yīng)的方式上有所不同,見表21-2。
Table 21-2 Classification of MembraneReceptors:Characteristics of Three Groups of Receptors
Characteristics | Ion Channel Receptors | G-Protein-Linked receptors | Recetpors with a Single Transmembrane Domain |
Endogenous ligands | Neurotransmitter | Neurotransmitter | Growth factor hormone |
Hormone | Cytokine | ||
Auloacoid | |||
Chemotactic factor | |||
Exogenous stimulant | |||
Structure | Oligomer with a pore | Probably monomer | Monomer of oligoner |
with (±)catalytic | |||
domain | |||
Number of transmem | Four per subunit | Seven | One per subunit |
bane segments | |||
Function | Ion channel | Activation of G proteins | Tyrosine kinase |
Giuanylate cyclase(?) | |||
Cellular responses | Depolarization or | Depolarization or | Regulation of function |
hyperpolarization | hyperpolarization | and expression of | |
Regulation of function | proteins | ||
and expression of | Proliferation or | ||
proteins | differentiation |
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