烏頭酸

{{chembox
| verifiedrevid = 443367538
| Name = 順烏頭酸<small>（上）</small>與反烏頭酸<small>（下）</small>
| ImageFile1 = Cis-aconitic acid.png
|  ImageSize1 =  200px
|  ImageName1 =  順烏頭酸
| ImageFile2 = Trans-aconitic acid.png
|  ImageSize2 =  200px
|  ImageName2 =  反烏頭酸
| IUPACName = 1-丙烯-1,2,3-三羧酸<br />prop-1-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid
| OtherNames = 蓍草酸、焦檸檬酸、檸康酸
| Reference = <ref>{{ cite web | url = http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=309 | title = Aconitic Acid - Compound Summary (CID 309) | publisher = [[PubChem]] }}</ref>
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|   ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 303
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 93371T1BXP
| InChI = 1/C6H6O6/c7-4(8)1-3(6(11)12)2-5(9)10/h1H,2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12)
| InChIKey = GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYAL
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C6H6O6/c7-4(8)1-3(6(11)12)2-5(9)10/h1H,2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12)
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|$1|??}}
| CASNo = 499-12-7
|   PubChem = 309
|   ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 22211
| SMILES = O=C(O)CC(=CC(=O)O)C(=O)O
|   MeSHName = Aconitate
  }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   C=6|H=6|O=6
|   Appearance = Colorless crystals
|   Density = 
|   MeltingPt = 190℃（分解）（''反式異構(gòu)體''）；122℃（''順式異構(gòu)體''）
|   BoilingPt = 
|   pKa = 2.80，4.46（''反式異構(gòu)體''）<ref>{{ cite book | author = Dawson, R. M. C.; Elliott, D. C.; Elliott, W. H. | title = Data for Biochemical Research | edition = 3rd | location = Oxford | publisher = Clarendon Press | year = 1989 | isbn = 9780198552994 }}</ref> 
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   Solubility = water
|   MainHazards = 
|   FlashPt = 
|   Autoignition = 
  }}
}}
'''烏頭酸'''（{{lang-en|Aconitic acid}}）是一種[[有機(jī)酸]]，其兩種[[順反異構(gòu)|異構(gòu)體]]分別是順烏頭酸與反烏頭酸。順烏頭酸的[[共軛]]堿，順[[烏頭]][[酸鹽]]是三[[羧酸]]循[[環(huán)中]][[檸檬酸鹽]]異構(gòu)化為異檸檬酸鹽的中間產(chǎn)物。這一步驟的[[催化]]酶是[[順烏頭酸酶]]。

以[[硫酸]]使[[檸檬酸]][[脫水]]的方式可以合成烏頭酸：<ref>{{ OrgSynth | author = Bruce, W. F. | title = Aconitic Acid | year = 1937 | volume = 17 | pages = 1 | collvol = 2 | collvolpages = 12 | prep = CV2P0012 }}</ref>

:(HO<sub>2</sub>CCH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>COH(CO<sub>2</sub>H)  → HO<sub>2</sub>CCH=C(CO<sub>2</sub>H)CH<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>2</sub>H  +  H<sub>2</sub>O

它首次是由加熱脫水的方式制備的<ref>{{ cite journal | author = Pawolleck, B. | title = Substitutionsproducte der Citronens?ure und ein Versuch zur Synthese der letzteren | journal = Justus Liebig's Annalen der Chemie | year = 1875 | volume = 178 | issue = 2–3 | pages = 150–170 | doi = 10.1002/jlac.18751780203 }}</ref>。

==參考文獻(xiàn)==

{{reflist}}

{{Citric acid cycle}}

[[Category:三羧酸]]
==參考來(lái)源==
*[http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%A4%B4%E9%85%B8 維基百科-烏頭酸]